Burn Care: What to Do When You Get Burned

Burns are a common injury that can happen in an instant—whether it’s from a hot pan, boiling water, or prolonged sun exposure. While burns are often preventable, it’s essential to know how to properly care for them when they occur. Toni Schinstock, Certified Wound & Ostomy Nurse at Jefferson County Health Center, offers valuable insights into how to respond to burns, from minor ones to more serious injuries that require immediate medical attention.

What to Do First

When a burn happens, the very first thing to do is stop the source of the burn. Immediately remove yourself or the injured person from the heat source, and if clothing catches fire, remember to stop, drop, and roll. If possible, quickly remove any clothing or jewelry around the burned area before swelling begins but be careful not to pull off anything stuck to the skin.

Cooling the Burn

For minor burns, cooling the burn as soon as possible is essential. Running cool—not cold—water over the burn for 10 to 15 minutes helps to stop the heat from damaging the skin further. Avoid using ice or extremely cold water, as this can worsen the injury by damaging tissue. If running water isn’t available, a clean, cool, damp cloth can be applied to soothe the burn.

Proper Burn Care

Once the burn is cooled, gently pat the area dry and cover it with a clean, non-stick bandage or sterile gauze. This will protect the area from dirt, bacteria, and further irritation. Avoid using home remedies like butter, oils, or lotions, as these can trap heat in the burn and increase the risk of infection.

When to Seek Medical Attention

Not all burns can be treated at home. If a burn is larger than 3 inches in diameter, is located on sensitive areas such as the face, hands, feet, or groin, or is caused by chemicals or electricity, seek immediate medical attention. Burns that appear white, leathery, or charred or cause difficulty breathing require urgent care.

For minor burns that can be treated at home, it’s crucial to monitor for signs of infection, including redness, swelling, or discharge. Blisters should not be popped, as they provide a natural barrier against bacteria. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can be helpful in managing discomfort, and keeping the burn moisturized with an appropriate product will aid in healing.

Burn Prevention

Prevention is just as important as treatment. Simple steps such as using oven mitts, keeping hot liquids out of reach of children, and using caution around grills or candles can go a long way in reducing the risk of burns.

Burns, though common, don’t always have to be a cause for alarm. With the proper care and prompt attention, many minor burns heal without complications. Jefferson County Health Center is always here to provide expert care and guidance for burns and other health concerns.


Resources:

  • American Burn Association – Burn First Aid
  • Mayo Clinic – Burns: First Aid Essentials
  • National Institutes of Health – Treating and Preventing Burns